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传统的计算机使用比特信息,二进制数字,而量子计算机将使用量子比特-众乐知识网

传统的计算机使用比特信息,二进制数字,而量子计算机将使用量子比特

量子信息的兴起,将信息从经典领域引入量子领域。从纯客观的通信理论来看,现有的经典信息以比特( bit)作为信息单元,经典比特只有一个或0或1的状态,一个比特是给出经典二值系统一个取值的信息量。从物理学角度讲,比特就是一个两态系统,它可以制备为两个可识别状态中的一个,例如,是或非,真或假,0或1等。在数字计算机中电容器平板之间的电压可表示经典信息比特,有电荷代表l,无电荷代表0。经典信息可以用经典物理学进行描述,不需要用量子力学描述。